#Raspberry Pi 4: Hardware accelerated video decoding (GPU) in Chromium
Raspberry Pi | 4 min | 196309
Table of contentShowTwo months ago, I wrote a tutorial that explains how to get DRM support on Chromium on the Raspberry Pi. If you follow the steps of that tutorial:
you can use the Chromium web browser to play videos from Netflix, Hulu, HBO, Disney+, Amazon Prime, Spotify, Pandora, and many others (see Fig. 1 & 2).
Fig. 1: Playing videos on Amazon Prime
using Chromium on the Raspberry Pi OS.
Fig. 2: Playing music on Spotify
using Chromium on the Raspberry Pi OS.AnthonyD wrote in the comment section:
That is a great solution to the DRM problem on Raspberry Pi! How is the video playback quality in Chromium? Do you know if it uses hardware acceleration or just the CPU?
Last week I had some time to run some tests and extended the tutorial to add support for hardware acceleration for the video decoding.
To answer that question, the video playback quality is good, however, per default Chromium uses Software (CPU) to decode the video. This means, no hardware acceleration.
Fig. 3: Graphics Feature Status - Chromium on Raspberry Pi 4.But, we will change that on this tutorial!
You may be also interested in this tutorial: Raspberry Pi 4: booting from an SSD with enabled TRIMHardware and Software
You will need the following hardware and software for this tutorial:
DIY: Video Decode using Hardware Acceleration
You need to install a few libraries, but first, the basic step is to update the system typing the following on a Terminal:
sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get upgrade
Then, install the libraries typing:
sudo apt-get install libgles2-mesa libgles2-mesa-dev xorg-dev
To be able to activate the hardware acceleration, first we need to enable the 3D video driver (so-called Fake KMS), and then set the memory to e.g.
128 MB
(this is usually a default value). To do that:- Start the
raspi-config
configurator, typing in a Terminal:sudo raspi-config
- Go to
Advanced Options
>GL Driver
- Select the option
GL (Fake KMS) OpenGL desktop driver with fake KMS
and Click OK - Go to
Performance Options
>GPU Memory
(on old Raspbian/Raspberry Pi OS:Advanced Options
>Memory Split
) - Type
128
and click OK - Select Finish and Reboot the system.
Note: if you're new to this configurator, you can navigate the menu using the
arrows
and thetab
key from your keyboard.Once your Raspberry reboots, you can check that the 3D drivers are loaded and working:
cat /proc/device-tree/soc/firmwarekms@7e600000/status cat /proc/device-tree/v3dbus/v3d@7ec04000/status # on Raspberry Pi 3 the v3dbus command should be (provided by Alexis in the comments): cat /proc/device-tree/soc/v3d@7ec00000/status
If both commands return
okay
, then the hardware acceleration is working and activated.Enable hardware acceleration in Chromium
If open a Chromium and go to
chrome://gpu
, you will still get Fig. 1. To change that, we need to go tochrome://flags
and search for- Override software rendering list
- GPU rasterization
- Out of process rasterization
- Hardware-accelerated video decode (only available on the new versions of Raspberry Pi OS)
and change those settings to Enabled (see Fig. 4a/4b). After restarting the web browser, you can refresh
chrome://gpu
and you will get Fig. 5.
Fig. 4a: Chromium flags - Setting flags to activate the Hardware Acceleration (old Raspbian/Raspberry Pi OS).
Fig. 4b: Chromium flags - Setting flags to activate the Hardware Acceleration (new Raspberry Pi OS).
Fig. 5: Graphics Feature Status - Video Decode: Hardware accelerated.You can check if a video is decoded using hardware or software checking the
chrome://media-internals/
URL while playing it. Fig. 6 shows the software decoder (before the changes). Fig. 7 indicates that theMmalVideoDecoder
decoder is being used (after the changes). This is the Broadcom’s library for H.264 hardware acceleration on the Raspberry Pi.
Fig. 6: Media internals - Software Decoder
Fig. 7: Media internals - Hardware DecoderReduce screen tearing (Update 20.08.2020)
You will still get the occasional "screen tearing". You can find more information about this on the forum topic.
The solution is to disable the
xcompmgr
composition manager. To do that, you can move/remove thexcompmgr.desktop
file typing:sudo mv /etc/xdg/autostart/xcompmgr.desktop /home/pi/backup.xcompmgr.desktop sudo reboot
or you can follow these steps:
- Start the raspi-config configurator, typing in a Terminal
sudo raspi-config
- Navigate to
Advanced Options
>Compositor
>xcompmgr composition manager
- Choose
No
- Reboot the Raspberry Pi
sudo reboot
That should resolve most issues! I still noticed a bit of screen tearing.
Possible Issue: Raspberry Pi HD Camera - ENOSPC error
After activating the GPU acceleration in Chromium, I got the following error while trying to take a photo with the HD camera and playing some Youtube video.
# raspistill -o /tmp/capture.jpg mmal: mmal_vc_component_enable: failed to enable component: ENOSPC mmal: camera component couldn't be enabled mmal: main: Failed to create camera component mmal: Failed to run camera app. Please check for firmware updates
Increasing the CPU memory from 128 to 144 made the error go away:
sudo raspi-config # old Raspbian / Raspberry Pi OS: # 7 Advanced Options > A3 Memory Split # new Raspberry Pi OS: # 4 Performance Options > P2 GPU Memory
Fig. 8: Extending the CPU Memory using raspi-configI described the issue as possible, because I tried to reproduce it and did not get the error again. However, I wrote it here, in case someone needs to deal with it.- Start the
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Fabien 08.13.2020
Thank you for your article! I have try it and it works fine for user pi, but for a standard user with less privileges, chromium uses ffmpegVideoDecoder insted of MmalVideoDecoder. PErhaps, you have a solution?
Len 08.14.2020
Thanks for the tip. I now have Chromium using the hardware acceleration, but video is still quite choppy. Oh well...
andre van den brink 08.14.2020
Hi Thanks for your explanation to get hardware decoding working. I have a rpi 3B+. Should this also work? I followed your instruction but I see in the device-tree that the v3dbus folder is not there. Is there an other procedure for the rpi 3B+ ?
Regards Andre van den Brink
David 09.15.2020
Working like a charm in a Raspberry 4 and a Raspberry 3 B+. Why the heck isn't it enabled by default? Thank you.
sanjay 11.02.2020
HELLO, I HAVE PI4, THE CHROMIUM BROWERS USES MMALDECODER WHEN PLAYING YOUTUBE. BUT AMAZON PRIME STILL USES SOFTWARE DECODER: DECRYINGVIDEOCODER SOMETHING WRONG? thanks sanjay
cmoney 11.14.2020
Interestingly, amazon prime video worked fine before all of those gpu settings. Now I can't undo any of those and I'm getting the error message that I need to update the WDLI module but I can't ever update it:(
emwtur 12.15.2020
Worked, i think - but I lost HDMI sound :-(
brentil 12.29.2020
Since this was published some of the items have changed.
In Chrome 86 you have to also enable the flag "Hardware-accelerated video decode"
Also in raspi-config there is no longer a Memory Split menu under Advanced. It's now under Performance Options -> P2 GPU Memory.
I noticed a new option in Chrome 86 under GPU for using Vulkan, I might experiment turning it on later to test.
Rick 02.26.2021
Using RaspOS Deb 10.8, there are 2 browser versions, Chromium and Chromium-Browser. The file names and dependencies are different. I had already installed Chromium v88 before I discovered your tutorials. Your scripts fail as the directory names are /chromium not /chromium-browser. Is it possible that the Chromium version already has DRM support?
Mostafa 05.23.2021
Thank you for your amazing notes.
Are you able to stream h264 from your raspberry pi camera? I used v4l2-ctl -d /dev/video0 -v pixelformat=H264 -V to set the camera encoding to h264 and it returns back to MJPG as soon as I open a web application that uses the camera such as Jitsi Web Meet
TJJaz 07.26.2021
On the Raspberry Pi 4B I had problems with videos not playing and graphics on Chrome pages loading all "chopped up". I followed the steps on this page up to the "cat /proc/device-tree/v3dbus/v3d@7ec04000/status" line - got "okay" responses to each. When I opened Chromium, the window was all chopped up and unusable. I made things worse than before!
Al Forster 09.04.2021
Sept 3, 2021- After making your changes, in YouTubeTV I still get "Sorry, there was an error licensing this video". Chrome works fine running YouTubeTV on a Mac running Catalina, but Running Twister OS on a 8gb Raspberry Pi4b I get that error. Any suggestions?
Lawrie 10.27.2021
I followed the steps but I can't enable out of process rasterization or hardware acceleration as they're both in the un available tab in experiments. I'm using pi 4, raspbian 10, everything up to date and the commands to check the hardware acceleration return "okay"
MIke 12.02.2021
Hello everybody
under Debian Buster, AARCH64, Pi 400, Chromium doesn't seem to have the "chrome://flags/#enable-accelerated-video-decode" flag anymore. The howto mentioned above doesn't work anaymore, I just get the "FFMPEGVIdeoDecoder" not the MojoVideoDecoder anymore.
What am I doing wrong?
KRis 12.12.2021
Im running the "2021-10-30:Based on Debian version 11 (bullseye)" Raspberry Pi OS, and i experience the same as Mike, that the "chrome://flags/#enable-accelerated-video-decode" is not available. It's filed in chrome://flags as "Unavailable" and also states "Not available on your platform". I'm running Raspberry Pi 4 4GB.